The results of a study sponsored by the University of Oxford (UK), comparing the risks of vaccination, have been published in the journal Nature Medicine. myocarditisAnd Pericarditis I ArrhythmiaAmong the various preparations against COVID-19 (mRNA vaccines, such as Pfeizer and Moderna, as well as the carrier vaccine AstraZeneca). The risk of cardiovascular complications in people with COVID-19 has also been estimated.
As scientists confirm, it was the largest so far Test Regarding possible cardiac disorders after vaccination and after infection with COVID-19. And also the first one in which the effects of different preparations were compared.
By the end of September 2021, more than 6.3 billion doses of the COVID-19 vaccine have been administered worldwide. This is a huge area of research, because the effects of preparations can now be evaluated in real, not just clinical, conditions. Clinical trials, although conducted on large groups of volunteers, have not indicated any risk myocarditis in vaccinated persons. Therefore, they were not included among the possible side effects when the preparations were registered. Identify and investigate these unwanted side effects after first reports Vaccines It has become a priority for scientists all over the world.
As of November 4, 2021, the United States Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) had 1,783 cases of myocarditis or pericarditis among 12-29-year-olds who received COVID-19 vaccines (primarily mRNA).
By 9 July 2021, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) had reported 145 cases of myocarditis and 138 cases of pericarditis for 177 million doses of Pfizer, and 9 cases of myocarditis and 19 cases of pericarditis for 20 million doses of Moderna. There are no such reports with AstraZeneca. It was also noted that the rare cardiac side effects of the COVID-19 vaccines were more likely to affect young adults (under 40) and after the second dose.
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Myocarditis is more often associated with COVID-19 infection than vaccinations
A team of researchers at Oxford University set out to investigate the relationship between them vaccinations Against COVID-19 or transmission of coronavirus infection and risk of developing myocarditis and arrhythmia. The study involved people over 16 who were vaccinated in the UK from December 2020 to August 24, 2021. They looked for the number of people who were hospitalized with heart disease, pericarditis or arrhythmia within 1-28 a day after receiving them. The vaccine and its comparison with the number of people who were admitted to hospitals during that period as a result of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. To this end, the UK Immunization Database (NIMS) has been merged with a nationwide medical database of 38 million vaccinated for 16 years and over.
While there is some increased risk of rare heart complications after vaccination, this risk is much lower than that associated with COVID-19.
said Julia Hepesley Cox, professor of clinical epidemiology at the University of Oxford, who led the research.
Scientists have estimated that out of 1 million people vaccinated with the first or second dose of the vaccine, 1 to 10 additional cases of myocarditis occur. In contrast, for people with COVID-19, there is an additional 40 cardiac doublings per million confirmed infections.
The risk of developing myocarditis after two mRNA vaccines is slightly higher in people younger than 40 years of age, especially after the second Moderna vaccine. In this case, an additional 10 myocarditis events per million people were observed after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test and an additional 15 events per million vaccinated with the second dose of Moderna. The study authors stress that although the risk of developing myocarditis after vaccination is slightly higher than the risk of infection with COVID-19, the Moderna vaccine is still generally safer and represents a lower risk of complications other than infection.
Resources: MedicalXPress.comAnd nature medicine
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